1. The difference between teleological and deontological is that:

		Teleological is moral and deontological is immoral.
		Teleological is focused on intention and deontological is focused on motive.
		Deontological is focused of intention and teleological is focused on consequence.
		Deontological is moral and teleological is immoral.

3 points   

QUESTION 2

1. People who argue that abortions lead to a lack of adoptable babies are basing their argument on

		utilitarianism.
		natural law.
		categorical imperative.
		egoism.

3 points   

QUESTION 3

1. According to John Rawls, social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are

		the greatest benefit of the least advantaged.
		serve those that have contributed the most to society.
		provide a profit for those of the advantaged.
		the minimum assistance of the disadvantaged.

3 points   

QUESTION 4

1. Laissez-fairecapitalism is an argument for which of the following?

		Altruism
		Psychological egoism
		Skepticism
		Ethical egoism

3 points   

QUESTION 5

1. Utilitarians might encourage the development of virtue for which of the following reasons?

		Virtues are pleasant and rewarding for those who have to be virtuous, even if they make others unhappy.
		Virtues maximize benefits to those worst off in society at the expense of all others.
		Virtues are useful for the social contract, or the ease of governing so many people.
		Virtues are conducive to the maximization of happiness.

3 points   

QUESTION 6

1. When doing methaethics, we

		analyze the meaning of moral language.
		separate ethics from religion.
		try to figure out what we ought to do.
		tie ethics to religion.

3 points   

QUESTION 7

1. If ethical relativism is true, the other person’s moral views cannot be better than mine in an objective sense, because

		everyone’s view is equally good, even those of mass murderers, racists, sexists, and pedophiles.
		there is no objectively better position.
		ethics is descriptive.
		no one knows what is true.

3 points   

QUESTION 8

1. How can human rights be grounded in natural rights theory?

		They may be viewed as fundamental rights that are more basic and essential than those granted by any state or international body.
		They can be seen as safeguards for producing the greatest happiness for the most people.
		The can be grounded in common sense observations of the unambiguous functions of society.
		They may be viewed as a list of essential human virtues, rooted in a specific cultural tradition.

3 points   

QUESTION 9

1. Utilitarians can be criticized for which of the following?

		Failing to provide a basis for personal integrity; a lie to relieve suffering might be acceptable.
		Advocating social inequality since the happiness of some is worth more than others’ total misery.
		Trivializing pleasure, since so many kinds can be quantified: intensity, duration, fruitfulness, etc.
		Callousness toward the poor, whose suffering is not quantified accurately.

3 points   

QUESTION 10

1. Which of the following best describes Ethics?

		A form of the “golden rule.”
		A branch of philosophy that uses reason to support positions.
		A body of beliefs about right and wrong handed down from one generation to the next.
		Behavior that is agreed upon to be moral by the majority.

3 points   

QUESTION 11

1. How did the Nuremberg trials reflect the natural law tradition?

		In the Nuremberg trials, prosecutors argued that there was a higher law that proved the human propensity to evil.
		In the Nuremberg trials, prosecutors argued that there was a higher law that all should recognize and take precedence over state laws.
		In the Nuremberg trials, the defense argued that there was a higher law that all should recognize and justifies why some take orders from others.
		In the Nuremberg trials, the defense argued that it was natural that humans err and, thus, leniency was justified.

3 points   

QUESTION 12

1. Ethical theory does which of the following?

		Proves an argument to be right or wrong.
		Shows people how they should act.
		Agrees with legal decisions.
		Provides reasons for judging actions to be right or wrong.

3 points   

QUESTION 13

1. Sentience refers to an animal’s ability to

		reason.
		be aware of existence.
		feel emotion
		communicate

3 points   

QUESTION 14

1. For psychological egoism to be valid, we must show people:

		act with an aim of achieving self-satisfaction.
		get self-satisfaction from their actions.
		use others in selfish ways.
		need to make other people happy

3 points   

QUESTION 15

1. Which of the following is the best example of the categorical imperative?

		Homosexual sex is unnatural.
		We were not designed to have sex with same sex partners.
		If everyone practiced homosexual sex, there would be no children.
		Homophobia is destructive to children.

3 points   

QUESTION 16

1. One similarity between Act Utilitarianism and Rule Utilitarianism is that

		both see honesty as the highest moral duty.
		both emphasize ends or consequences over moral duties.
		both emphasize moral duties over ends or consequences.
		both emphasize individual rights over social goods.

3 points   

QUESTION 17

1. What type of euthanasia is the person requesting who says the following? “Even though the results would probably be good and the side-effects minimal, I don’t want to receive any life-saving or life-prolonging measures—I just want to let the disease take its course.”

		Voluntary active euthanasia.
		Voluntary passive euthanasia, withholding extraordinary measures.
		Voluntary active euthanasia, withholding ordinary measures.
		Voluntary passive euthanasia, withholding ordinary measures.

3 points   

QUESTION 18

1. The opposite of complete prescriptive cultural relativism is

		moral absolutism.
		moral subjectivism.
		moral tolerance.
		moral objectivism.

3 points   

QUESTION 19

1. Why might Kant approve of the contemporary doctrine of informed consent?

		It ensures that physicians produce the best outcomes for research subjects as well as patients.
		It prohibits researchers from lying to subjects—a practice which they could not will universally.
		It prohibits academics from using patients as a mere means to research goals, and demands their treatment as ends in themselves.
		It pushes researchers to respect the rational autonomy of research subjects, no matter how important the goal of the study.

3 points   

QUESTION 20

1. Metaethics is largely about studying:

		the meanings of ethical language.
		those things which are beyond normal ethics.
		historical literature about ethics.
		ethical decisions sanctioned by religious beliefs.

3 points   

QUESTION 21

1. Utilitarians can be criticized for which of the following?

		failing to provide a basis for personal integrity: a lie to relieve suffering might be acceptable.
		advocating social inequality since the happiness of some is worth more than others’ total misery.
		trivializing pleasure, since so many kinds can be quantified: intensity, duration, fruitfulness, etc.
		callousness toward the poor, whose suffering is not quantified accurately.

3 points   

QUESTION 22

1. To suggest that abortion may be less immoral in Kenya than in Germany is based on

		utilitarianism.
		natural law.
		the categorical imperative.
		relativism.

3 points   

QUESTION 23

1. The argument that human personhood begins at conception and humans should not be used for scientific research is founded in

		the categorical imperative.
		utilitarianism.
		natural law.
		virtue ethics.

3 points   

QUESTION 24

1. Rule utilitarians are very concerned with

		individual acts.
		general practices.
		virtue.
		personal preferences.

3 points   

QUESTION 25

1. “It is unjust to treat people differently in ways that deny to some of them significant social benefits unless we can show that there is a difference between them that is relevant to the differential treatment.” This quote supports the principle of

		justice
		equal pay for equal work
		equality
		reverse discrimination

3 points   

QUESTION 26

1. Ethics requires skillful reasoning. Which of the following is not important to making a good argument?

		The structure of the argument.
		The conclusion follows from the premises.
		The argument leads to the right conclusion.
		The argument has internal logic.

3 points   

QUESTION 27

1. All of the following are used to evaluate ethical egoism except:

		grounding in Psychological egoism.
		consistency and coherence.
		conformity to commonsense morality.
		effectiveness in satisfying individual interest.

3 points   

QUESTION 28

1. According to individual ethical egoism, one should:

		ignore the needs of others.
		help others to help themselves.
		do what is in one’s self interest.
		do what makes one happy at the moment.

3 points   

QUESTION 29

1. For Kant, motive is more important than which of the following?

		Action
		The greatest good
		Consequences
		None of these choices

3 points   

QUESTION 30

1. Utilitarians could be accused of treating people as which of the following?

		ends
		ascetics
		means
		gods

3 points   

QUESTION 31

1. Which moral philosopher thought we learned virtue mainly by habit and the repetition of virtuous actions?

		Kant
		Aristotle
		Freud
		Noddings

3 points   

QUESTION 32

1. Reasoning that supports terrorism tends to be

		consequentialist
		deontological
		Aristotelian
		monotheistic

3 points   

QUESTION 33

1. Epistemiology, important in constructing good ethical arguments, is the philosophy of

		knowledge.
		reality.
		none of these choices.
		religion.

3 points   

QUESTION 34

1. To suggest that sex is only acceptable between consenting adults would rely on

		virtue ethics
		Kantian ethics.
		utilitarianism.
		egoism.

3 points   

QUESTION 35

1. Natural law theorists might criticize cultural relativism by arguing for which of the following claims?

		Natural laws are cultural products.
		Natural law is socially relative.
		Natural laws are universal and stable.
		Natural laws are progressive, and evolve with society.

3 points   

QUESTION 36

1. According to utilitarianism, which of the following is useful for evaluating the morality of an action?

		People’s intentions
		The nature of the act
		The process of accomplishing the result
		The result

3 points   

QUESTION 37

1. All of the following are reasons an economy fails to embrace meritocracy except

		wealth or position are inherited.
		educational systems are not equal.
		scholarships tend to go to the brightest people.
		people in power tend to promote others more like themselves.

3 points   

QUESTION 38

1. ____ is a nonconsequential consideration for active voluntary euthanasia.

		Effect on family
		Autonomy
		Family finances
		Shortage of medical facilities

3 points   

QUESTION 39

1. The “playing God” argument against cloning

		is religious in nature.
		is the same as the “yuck” argument.
		is built on teachings in the Christian Bible.
		is not necessarily a religious argument.

3 points   

QUESTION 40

1. The first form of the categorical imperative requires us to act on those maxims that we can will as which of the following?

		hypothetical law
		the best consequences
		a universal law
		the worst consequences

3 points   

QUESTION 41

1. Studies show capital crime rates in states that regularly execute compared with states that do not have capital punishment is

		about the same.
		about 30% lower.
		about 10% lower.
		about 40% higher.

3 points   

QUESTION 42

1. Strong ethical relativism holds that

		there is no objective right and wrong.
		right and wrong are not really knowable.
		some actions are more right than others.
		all actions are equally moral.

3 points   

QUESTION 43

1. A perspective that holds that humans alone have intrinsic worth or value is called

		humanitarian.
		anthropocentric.
		ethical egoism.
		solipsism.

3 points   

QUESTION 44

1. A Kantian could argue that we should develop virtues in ourselves and others because:

		developing virtues will have good results, and the ends justify the means here.
		it would make our behavior more universally willable, and less likely to involve the use of others for selfish ends.
		the categorical imperative is equally concerned with consequences and intentions.
		it does not matter what our personal virtues are: we are all absolutely bound by principle.

3 points   

QUESTION 45

1. Which of the following is not mentioned as a result of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund?

		Harmed rather than helped development of Third World countries.
		Made poorer countries unable to compete.
		Led to international terrorism.
		Drove local banks out of business.

3 points   

QUESTION 46

1. Virtue Ethics helps us determine:

		whether an action is moral.
		whether a form of ethical reasoning is virtuous.
		how to calculate between consequential and nonconsequential reasoning.
		how we ought to be.

3 points   

QUESTION 47

1. What is the biggest problem in the process of determining utility or what will lead to the greatest happiness for the greatest number in any given case or policy decision?

		Determining who counts in the tally of happiness, and how much each pleasure counts.
		Setting up a rating system using both positive and negative numbers, humans and animals.
		Figuring out if the result really is attainable, will result in happiness, and for whom exactly.
		Being fair to all involved and using rationality as an impartial spectator.

3 points   

QUESTION 48

1. The terms “right” and “wrong” usually apply to

		action.
		goodness.
		character.
		art.

3 points   

QUESTION 49

1. From the anthropocentric perspective the idea that we should curtail human activities to preserve a nonhuman species is generally anchored in which of our ethical theories?

		Utilitarianism
		Categorical imperative
		Previous answers to this question This is a preview of an assignment submitted on our website by a student. If you need help with this question or any assignment help, click on the order button below and get started. We guarantee authentic, quality, 100% plagiarism free work or your money back. Get The Answer Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website exam ethics February 20, 2018August 16, 2017 admin The difference between teleological and deontological is that: Teleological is moral and deontological is immoral. Teleological is focused on intention and deontological is focused on motive. Deontological is focused of intention and teleological is focused on consequence. Deontological is moral and teleological is immoral. 3 points    QUESTION 2 People who argue that abortions lead to a lack of adoptable babies are basing their argument on utilitarianism. natural law. categorical imperative. egoism. 3 points    QUESTION 3 According to John Rawls, social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are the greatest benefit of the least advantaged. serve those that have contributed the most to society. provide a profit for those of the advantaged. the minimum assistance of the disadvantaged. 3 points    QUESTION 4 Laissez-fairecapitalism is an argument for which of the following? Altruism Psychological egoism Skepticism Ethical egoism 3 points    QUESTION 5 Utilitarians might encourage the development of virtue for which of the following reasons? Virtues are pleasant and rewarding for those who have to be virtuous, even if they make others unhappy. Virtues maximize benefits to those worst off in society at the expense of all others. Virtues are useful for the social contract, or the ease of governing so many people. Virtues are conducive to the maximization of happiness. 3 points    QUESTION 6 When doing methaethics, we analyze the meaning of moral language. separate ethics from religion. try to figure out what we ought to do. tie ethics to religion. 3 points    QUESTION 7 If ethical relativism is true, the other person’s moral views cannot be better than mine in an objective sense, because everyone’s view is equally good, even those of mass murderers, racists, sexists, and pedophiles. there is no objectively better position. ethics is descriptive. no one knows what is true. 3 points    QUESTION 8 How can human rights be grounded in natural rights theory? They may be viewed as fundamental rights that are more basic and essential than those granted by any state or international body. They can be seen as safeguards for producing the greatest happiness for the most people. The can be grounded in common sense observations of the unambiguous functions of society. They may be viewed as a list of essential human virtues, rooted in a specific cultural tradition. 3 points    QUESTION 9 Utilitarians can be criticized for which of the following? Failing to provide a basis for personal integrity; a lie to relieve suffering might be acceptable. Advocating social inequality since the happiness of some is worth more than others’ total misery. Trivializing pleasure, since so many kinds can be quantified: intensity, duration, fruitfulness, etc. Callousness toward the poor, whose suffering is not quantified accurately. 3 points    QUESTION 10 Which of the following best describes Ethics? A form of the “golden rule.” A branch of philosophy that uses reason to support positions. A body of beliefs about right and wrong handed down from one generation to the next. Behavior that is agreed upon to be moral by the majority. 3 points    QUESTION 11 How did the Nuremberg trials reflect the natural law tradition? In the Nuremberg trials, prosecutors argued that there was a higher law that proved the human propensity to evil. In the Nuremberg trials, prosecutors argued that there was a higher law that all should recognize and take precedence over state laws. In the Nuremberg trials, the defense argued that there was a higher law that all should recognize and justifies why some take orders from others. In the Nuremberg trials, the defense argued that it was natural that humans err and, thus, leniency was justified. 3 points    QUESTION 12 Ethical theory does which of the following? Proves an argument to be right or wrong. Shows people how they should act. Agrees with legal decisions. Provides reasons for judging actions to be right or wrong. 3 points    QUESTION 13 Sentience refers to an animal’s ability to reason. be aware of existence. feel emotion communicate 3 points    QUESTION 14 For psychological egoism to be valid, we must show people: act with an aim of achieving self-satisfaction. get self-satisfaction from their actions. use others in selfish ways. need to make other people happy 3 points    QUESTION 15 Which of the following is the best example of the categorical imperative? Homosexual sex is unnatural. We were not designed to have sex with same sex partners. If everyone practiced homosexual sex, there would be no children. Homophobia is destructive to children. 3 points    QUESTION 16 One similarity between Act Utilitarianism and Rule Utilitarianism is that both see honesty as the highest moral duty. both emphasize ends or consequences over moral duties. both emphasize moral duties over ends or consequences. both emphasize individual rights over social goods. 3 points    QUESTION 17 What type of euthanasia is the person requesting who says the following? “Even though the results would probably be good and the side-effects minimal, I don’t want to receive any life-saving or life-prolonging measures—I just want to let the disease take its course.” Voluntary active euthanasia. Voluntary passive euthanasia, withholding extraordinary measures. Voluntary active euthanasia, withholding ordinary measures. Voluntary passive euthanasia, withholding ordinary measures. 3 points    QUESTION 18 The opposite of complete prescriptive cultural relativism is moral absolutism. moral subjectivism. moral tolerance. moral objectivism. 3 points    QUESTION 19 Why might Kant approve of the contemporary doctrine of informed consent? It ensures that physicians produce the best outcomes for research subjects as well as patients. It prohibits researchers from lying to subjects—a practice which they could not will universally. It prohibits academics from using patients as a mere means to research goals, and demands their treatment as ends in themselves. It pushes researchers to respect the rational autonomy of research subjects, no matter how important the goal of the study. 3 points    QUESTION 20 Metaethics is largely about studying: the meanings of ethical language. those things which are beyond normal ethics. historical literature about ethics. ethical decisions sanctioned by religious beliefs. 3 points    QUESTION 21 Utilitarians can be criticized for which of the following? failing to provide a basis for personal integrity: a lie to relieve suffering might be acceptable. advocating social inequality since the happiness of some is worth more than others’ total misery. trivializing pleasure, since so many kinds can be quantified: intensity, duration, fruitfulness, etc. callousness toward the poor, whose suffering is not quantified accurately. 3 points    QUESTION 22 To suggest that abortion may be less immoral in Kenya than in Germany is based on utilitarianism. natural law. the categorical imperative. relativism. 3 points    QUESTION 23 The argument that human personhood begins at conception and humans should not be used for scientific research is founded in the categorical imperative. utilitarianism. natural law. virtue ethics. 3 points    QUESTION 24 Rule utilitarians are very concerned with individual acts. general practices. virtue. personal preferences. 3 points    QUESTION 25 “It is unjust to treat people differently in ways that deny to some of them significant social benefits unless we can show that there is a difference between them that is relevant to the differential treatment.” This quote supports the principle of justice equal pay for equal work equality reverse discrimination 3 points    QUESTION 26 Ethics requires skillful reasoning. Which of the following is not important to making a good argument? The structure of the argument. The conclusion follows from the premises. The argument leads to the right conclusion. The argument has internal logic. 3 points    QUESTION 27 All of the following are used to evaluate ethical egoism except: grounding in Psychological egoism. consistency and coherence. conformity to commonsense morality. effectiveness in satisfying individual interest. 3 points    QUESTION 28 According to individual ethical egoism, one should: ignore the needs of others. help others to help themselves. do what is in one’s self interest. do what makes one happy at the moment. 3 points    QUESTION 29 For Kant, motive is more important than which of the following? Action The greatest good Consequences None of these choices 3 points    QUESTION 30 Utilitarians could be accused of treating people as which of the following? ends ascetics means gods 3 points    QUESTION 31 Which moral philosopher thought we learned virtue mainly by habit and the repetition of virtuous actions? Kant Aristotle Freud Noddings 3 points    QUESTION 32 Reasoning that supports terrorism tends to be consequentialist deontological Aristotelian monotheistic 3 points    QUESTION 33 Epistemiology, important in constructing good ethical arguments, is the philosophy of knowledge. reality. none of these choices. religion. 3 points    QUESTION 34 To suggest that sex is only acceptable between consenting adults would rely on virtue ethics Kantian ethics. utilitarianism. egoism. 3 points    QUESTION 35 Natural law theorists might criticize cultural relativism by arguing for which of the following claims? Natural laws are cultural products. Natural law is socially relative. Natural laws are universal and stable. Natural laws are progressive, and evolve with society. 3 points    QUESTION 36 According to utilitarianism, which of the following is useful for evaluating the morality of an action? People’s intentions The nature of the act The process of accomplishing the result The result 3 points    QUESTION 37 All of the following are reasons an economy fails to embrace meritocracy except wealth or position are inherited. educational systems are not equal. scholarships tend to go to the brightest people. people in power tend to promote others more like themselves. 3 points    QUESTION 38 ____ is a nonconsequential consideration for active voluntary euthanasia. Effect on family Autonomy Family finances Shortage of medical facilities 3 points    QUESTION 39 The “playing God” argument against cloning is religious in nature. is the same as the “yuck” argument. is built on teachings in the Christian Bible. is not necessarily a religious argument. 3 points    QUESTION 40 The first form of the categorical imperative requires us to act on those maxims that we can will as which of the following? hypothetical law the best consequences a universal law the worst consequences 3 points    QUESTION 41 Studies show capital crime rates in states that regularly execute compared with states that do not have capital punishment is about the same. about 30% lower. about 10% lower. about 40% higher. 3 points    QUESTION 42 Strong ethical relativism holds that there is no objective right and wrong. right and wrong are not really knowable. some actions are more right than others. all actions are equally moral. 3 points    QUESTION 43 A perspective that holds that humans alone have intrinsic worth or value is called humanitarian. anthropocentric. ethical egoism. solipsism. 3 points    QUESTION 44 A Kantian could argue that we should develop virtues in ourselves and others because: developing virtues will have good results, and the ends justify the means here. it would make our behavior more universally willable, and less likely to involve the use of others for selfish ends. the categorical imperative is equally concerned with consequences and intentions. it does not matter what our personal virtues are: we are all absolutely bound by principle. 3 points    QUESTION 45 Which of the following is not mentioned as a result of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund? Harmed rather than helped development of Third World countries. Made poorer countries unable to compete. Led to international terrorism. Drove local banks out of business. 3 points    QUESTION 46 Virtue Ethics helps us determine: whether an action is moral. whether a form of ethical reasoning is virtuous. how to calculate between consequential and nonconsequential reasoning. how we ought to be. 3 points    QUESTION 47 What is the biggest problem in the process of determining utility or what will lead to the greatest happiness for the greatest number in any given case or policy decision? Determining who counts in the tally of happiness, and how much each pleasure counts. Setting up a rating system using both positive and negative numbers, humans and animals. Figuring out if the result really is attainable, will result in happiness, and for whom exactly. Being fair to all involved and using rationality as an impartial spectator. 3 points    QUESTION 48 The terms “right” and “wrong” usually apply to action. goodness. character. art. 3 points    QUESTION 49 From the anthropocentric perspective the idea that we should curtail human activities to preserve a nonhuman species is generally anchored in which of our ethical theories? Utilitarianism Categorical imperative Previous answers to this question This is a preview of an assignment submitted on our website by a student. If you need help with this question or any assignment help, click on the order button below and get started. We guarantee authentic, quality, 100% plagiarism free work or your money back. Get The Answer Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website