{"id":430231,"date":"2018-06-14T21:47:37","date_gmt":"2018-06-14T21:47:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/essaypaper.org\/?p=25173"},"modified":"2018-10-24T09:18:18","modified_gmt":"2018-10-24T09:18:18","slug":"criminal-law-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/criminal-law-7\/","title":{"rendered":"Criminal Law"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><u>Questions 1 \u2013 4 fact scenario<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bashar was selected for the Australian cricket team five years ago. He played as a bowler in the team for four years. A year ago he had surgery on his shoulder, and took six months to recover fully. After the surgery, he was prescribed pain killers to assist with the post surgery pain, but his recovery was good and he did not take any\u00a0 pain killers during the six month recovery period. Two months ago he was selected for the Australian cricket team again. He is sponsored by a major sports clothing manufacturer who have agreed to pay him $20,000 for each test match he plays, with a bonus of $80,000 for each test match the team wins.<\/p>\n<p>In a recent three test series, Australia lost the first two test matches. Bashar told his flatmate Francis how disappointed he was not to have won the test because he really wanted the additional $80,000 to help his mother pay off her mortgage. Francis said to him: \u201cYou could always fix the ball up. That team you are playing always does that. That would even things up.\u201d Bashar said \u201cI want to win, but I don\u2019t want to play dirty.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Three weeks ago, on the morning of the last day of the third test match being played in Sydney, Bashar woke up early with severe pain in his shoulder. He took twice the prescribed amount of pain killers which put him into a trance like state. He lined his pocket with sandpaper which he used to roughen the ball up during the game. This is strictly against the rules of the game. Bashar\u2019s actions on the ball gave the Australian cricket team an advantage, and they won the test match. At the end of the test match, Bashar put his cricket clothes into his sports bag and went home to bed because he was feeling strange. The next morning the major sports clothing manufacturer paid $100,000 into his bank account.<\/p>\n<p>Three days later Bashar arrived at training. He told his coach Christos that he had no recollection of the last day of the test match, and that he felt really strange after the game, and wondered whether it was the pain killers. Later that day, during a public training session which was watched by eleven and twelve year old primary school children, Bashar was not bowling well. Christos yelled at him: \u201cGet your fucking shit together Bashar and bowl like you did in the last test.\u201d One of the primary school teachers supervising the primary school children was horrified and reported Christos to the police. When interviewed by the police, Christos said he forgot the school children were there when he swore at Bashar.<\/p>\n<p>Two weeks after the test match Bashar finally got around to taking his sports bag to his local dry cleaner, Dyson. As Dyson unpacked the clothes and checked the pockets, he pulled the sandpaper out of the pocket. Dyson said to Bashar \u201cWhat\u2019s this? Were you tampering with the ball on the last day of the test match? I wondered how you won from so far behind. Let\u2019s grab some lunch and have a chat about it.\u201d When they were talking at lunch Bashar told Dyson that he had no recollection of the last day of the test match. Dyson said to him \u201cYou will be in serious trouble if anyone finds out you have been blacking out and tampering with the ball. You\u2019ll lose your endorsements and won\u2019t be able to help your mother pay off her mortgage. If you come back to my place and strip off and show me that beautiful body of yours, I won\u2019t tell anyone about what you have done.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bashar went back to Dyson\u2019s place and took his clothes off. Dyson took his clothes off too and said \u201cHow about a bit of sex? That way you can be extra sure I won\u2019t tell anyone.\u201d Bashar said \u201cI can\u2019t remember what happened, but I don\u2019t want any of this getting out. I\u2019ll have sex with you so you will keep your mouth shut about all this.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>When Bashar got back to his flat, he told his flatmate Francis about finding the sandpaper in the pocket of the cricket pants he was wearing on the last day of the test match, and that he agreed to have sex with Dyson to stop Dyson telling anyone what he had done. Francis was very protective of Bashar and was angry about what Dyson had done. The next morning Francis drove to Dyson\u2019s drying cleaning shop to confront Dyson, but the shop was closed. Francis flicked a cigarette butt into the skip bin stored next to the shop before he left. The cigarette butt caused an explosion and a fire when it ignited dry cleaning fluid. The fire spread to the flat above the dry cleaning shop where Sylvester lived. Sylvester tried to leave the building via the fire door, but Ling, the landlord of the building had inadvertently locked the firedoors during his last inspection of the building. Sylvester was found dead next to the fire door.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Question 1 (20 marks) (answer this question in a SEPARATE Examination Answer Booklet)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Is Bashar guilty of any offences studied in Criminal Law this semester? What defences, if any, could he try to rely on?<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Question 2 (10 marks) (answer this question in a SEPARATE Examination Answer Booklet)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Is Christos guilty of any offences studied in Criminal Law this semester?<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Question 3 (10 marks) (answer this question in a SEPARATE Examination Answer Booklet)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Is Dyson guilty of any offences studied in Criminal Law this semester?<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Question 4 (10 marks) (answer this question in a SEPARATE Examination Answer Booklet)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Is Francis guilty of any offences studied in Criminal Law this semester?<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Question 5 (15 marks) (answer this question in a SEPARATE Examination Answer Booklet)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Apprehended Domestic Violence Order process achieves very little for victims of domestic violence. A more effective way to assist victims of domestic violence would be to enact a similar provision with the same penalties as s60 of the <em>Crimes Act 1900 <\/em>(NSW), in which the words \u2018a police officer while in the execution of the officer\u2019s duty\u2019 in s60 are replaced with the words \u2018another person within whom the person has or has had a domestic relationship\u2019. \u00a0Discuss with reference ONLY to the materials studied in this unit and your court visit. In your answer you must make reference to observations made during your court visit.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Appendix: Statutory Provisions and Cases List<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Crimes Act 1900<\/em><\/strong><strong> (NSW)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 1 Preliminary and interpretation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>4 Definitions<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Dangerous weapon<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Grievous bodily harm<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Intoxicating substance<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Intoxication<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Offensive weapon or instrument<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Property<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>4A Recklessness<\/p>\n<p>4B Dishonesty<\/p>\n<p>7 \u201cPossession\u201d when criminal<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 3 Offences against the person<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 1 Homicide<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>17A Date of death<\/p>\n<p>18 Murder and manslaughter defined<\/p>\n<p>19A Punishment for murder<\/p>\n<p>19B Mandatory life sentences for murder of police officers<\/p>\n<p>20 Child murder\u2014when child deemed born alive<\/p>\n<p>23A Substantial impairment by abnormality of mind<\/p>\n<p>24 Manslaughter\u2014punishment<\/p>\n<p>25A Assault causing death<\/p>\n<p>25B Assault causing death when intoxicated\u2014mandatory minimum sentence<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 6 Acts causing danger to life or bodily harm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>33 Wounding or grievous bodily harm with intent<\/p>\n<p>35 Reckless grievous bodily harm or wounding<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 8 Assaults<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>59 Assault occasioning actual bodily harm<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 8A Assaults and other actions against police and other law<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>enforcement officers<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>60 Assault and other actions against police officers<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 9 Common assaults<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>61 Common assault prosecuted by indictment<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 10 Offences in the nature of rape, offences relating to other acts of<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>sexual assault etc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>61H Definition of \u201csexual intercourse\u201d and other terms<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sexual intercourse<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(1A) cognitive impairment<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Under the authority of<\/li>\n<li>incites<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>61HA Consent in relation to sexual assault offences<\/p>\n<p>61I Sexual assault<\/p>\n<p>61J Aggravated sexual assault<\/p>\n<p>61JA Aggravated sexual assault in company<\/p>\n<p>61K Assault with intent to have sexual intercourse<\/p>\n<p>61L Indecent assault<\/p>\n<p>61M Aggravated indecent assault<\/p>\n<p>61N Act of indecency<\/p>\n<p>61O Aggravated act of indecency<\/p>\n<p>61S Offenders who are minors<\/p>\n<p>61T Offender married to victim<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 4 Stealing and similar offences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 2 Robbery<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>94 Robbery or stealing from the person<\/p>\n<p>95 Same in circumstances of aggravation<\/p>\n<p>96 Same (robbery) with wounding<\/p>\n<p>97 Robbery etc or stopping a mail, being armed or in company<\/p>\n<p>98 Robbery with arms etc and wounding<\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 5 Larceny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>117 Punishment for larceny<\/p>\n<p>118 Intent to return property no defence<\/p>\n<p>120 Trial for larceny\u2014verdict of embezzlement etc<\/p>\n<p>125 Larceny by bailee<\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 6 Embezzlement or larceny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>155 Definition of clerk or servant<\/p>\n<p>156 Larceny by clerks or servants<\/p>\n<p>157 Embezzlement by clerks or servants<\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 4AA Fraud<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 1 Preliminary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>192B Deception<\/p>\n<p>192C Obtaining property belonging to another<\/p>\n<p>192D Obtaining financial advantage or causing financial disadvantage<\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 2 Fraud and related offences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>192E Fraud<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 11 Criminal responsibility\u2014defences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 3 Self-defence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>418 Self-defence\u2014when available<\/p>\n<p>419 Self-defence\u2014onus of proof<\/p>\n<p>420 Self-defence\u2014not available if death inflicted to protect property or<\/p>\n<p>trespass to property<\/p>\n<p>421 Self-defence\u2014excessive force that inflicts death<\/p>\n<p>422 Self-defence\u2014response to lawful conduct<\/p>\n<p>423 Offences to which Division applies<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 11A Intoxication<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>428A Definitions<\/p>\n<p>428B Offences of specific intent to which Part applies<\/p>\n<p>428C Intoxication in relation to offences of specific intent<\/p>\n<p>428D Intoxication in relation to other offences<\/p>\n<p>428E Intoxication in relation to murder, manslaughter and assault causing<\/p>\n<p>death<\/p>\n<p>428F Intoxication in relation to the reasonable person test<\/p>\n<p>428G Intoxication and the actus reus of an offence<\/p>\n<p>428H Abolition of common law relating to self-induced intoxication<\/p>\n<p>428I Application of Part<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Summary Offences Act 1988<\/em><\/strong><strong> (NSW)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 1 Preliminary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3 Definitions<\/p>\n<p>(1) <strong><em>building <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>church<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>public place<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>school<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 2 Offences in public and other places<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Division 1 Offensive behaviour<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>4 Offensive conduct<\/p>\n<p>4A Offensive language<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act (2007)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 1 Preliminary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3 Definitions<\/p>\n<p>4 Meaning of \u201cpersonal violence offence\u201d<\/p>\n<p>5 Meaning of \u201cdomestic relationship\u201d<\/p>\n<p>6 Meaning of \u201crelative\u201d<\/p>\n<p>7 Meaning of \u201cintimidation\u201d<\/p>\n<p>8 Meaning of \u201cstalking\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 2 Objects of Act in relation to domestic and personal violence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>9 Objects of Act in relation to domestic violence<\/p>\n<p>10 Object of Act in relation to personal violence<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 3 Domestic violence and other offences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>11 Meaning of \u201cdomestic violence offence\u201d<\/p>\n<p>12 Recording of domestic violence offences<\/p>\n<p>13 Stalking or intimidation with intent to cause fear of physical or mental harm<\/p>\n<p>14 Offence of contravening apprehended violence order<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 4 Apprehended domestic violence orders<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>15 Application for making of apprehended domestic violence order by court<\/p>\n<p>16 Court may make apprehended domestic violence order<\/p>\n<p>17 Matters to be considered by court<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 5 Apprehended personal violence orders<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>18 Application for making of apprehended personal violence order by court<\/p>\n<p>19 Court may make apprehended personal violence order<\/p>\n<p>20 Matters to be considered by court<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Part 8 Content and effect of apprehended violence orders<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>35 Prohibitions and restrictions imposed by apprehended violence orders<\/p>\n<p>36 Apprehended violence order prohibits stalking, intimidation etc<\/p>\n<p>37 Ancillary property recovery orders may be made<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Case list<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><u>Voluntariness<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>Ryan <\/em>(1967) 121 CLR 205 Barwick CJ, Menzies J, Windeyer J<\/p>\n<p><em>Murray <\/em>[2002] HCA 26; 211 CLR 193 Gummow and Hayne JJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Whitfield <\/em>[2002] NSWCCA 501<\/p>\n<p><em>Ugle <\/em>[2002] HCA 25 211 CLR 171<\/p>\n<p><em>Jiminez <\/em>(1992) 173 CLR 572<\/p>\n<p><em>Gillett <\/em>[2006] NSWCCA 370<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co-incidence between actus reus and mens rea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Meyers <\/em>(1997) 147 ALR 440<\/p>\n<p><em>Thabo Meli <\/em>[1954] 1 All ER 373<\/p>\n<p><em>Le Brun <\/em>[1992] 1 QB 61<\/p>\n<p><em>Fagan <\/em>[1969] 1 QB 439<\/p>\n<p><em>Potisk <\/em>[1973] SASR 389<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong><u>Public Order Offences<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Public place<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Ward v Marsh <\/em>[1959] VR 25 Lowe J<\/p>\n<p><em>Camp <\/em>[1957] 1 NSWLR 452<\/p>\n<p><em>Semple v Howes <\/em>(1985) SASR 34 SASC (in Banco)<\/p>\n<p><em>Stutsel v Reid <\/em>(1990) 20 NSWLR 661 Loveday J<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2018Offensive\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Ball v McIntyre <\/em>(1966) 9 FLR 237 Kerr J<\/p>\n<p><em>Connolly v Willis <\/em>[1974] 1 NSWLR 373 Wood J<\/p>\n<p><em>Beck v New South Wales <\/em>[2012] NSWSC Adams J<\/p>\n<p><em>Spence v Loguch <\/em>(unreported NSWSC 12 November 1991)<\/p>\n<p><em>Police v Butler <\/em>[2003] NSWLC Magistrate Heilpern<\/p>\n<p><em>McNamara v Freeburn <\/em>5 August 1988 Yeldham J<\/p>\n<p><em>McCormack v Langham <\/em>5 September 1991 Studdert J<\/p>\n<p><em>Conners v Craigie <\/em>(1994) 76 A Crim R 502 Dunford J<\/p>\n<p><em>Dunn <\/em>(1999) 24(5) Alt LJ 238<\/p>\n<p><em>Jolly <\/em>[2009] NSWDC 212 Cogswell DCJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Stutsel v Reid <\/em>(1990) 20 NSWLR 661 Loveday J<\/p>\n<p><em>Heanes v Herangi <\/em>[2007] WASC 175<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mens rea for offensive behaviour\/language<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Jeffs v Graham <\/em>(1987) 8 NSWLR 292<\/p>\n<p><em>Pregelj and Wurramurra v Manison <\/em>(1988) 31 A Crim R 383 (NTCCA) Nader J, Rice J<\/p>\n<p><em>Pfeifer <\/em>(1996) 68 SASR 285 Doyle CJ<\/p>\n<p>J Quilter and L McNamara \u2018Time to define \u2018the cornerstone of public order legislation\u2019<\/p>\n<p><strong>Defence of reasonable excuse<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Karpik v Zisis <\/em>(1979) 5 Petty Sessions Review 2055<\/p>\n<p><em>Conners v Craigie <\/em>(1994) 76 A Crim R 502 Dunford J<\/p>\n<p><em>Jolly <\/em>[2009] NSWDC 212 Cogswell DCJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Stutsel v Reid <\/em>(1990) 20 NSWLR 661 Loveday J<\/p>\n<p><em>Beck v New South Wales <\/em>[2012] NSWSC Adams J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Constitutional validity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Coleman v Power <\/em>[2004] HCA 39; 220 CLR 1<\/p>\n<p><em>Monis v The Queen <\/em>(2013) 295 ALR 359<\/p>\n<p><em>Susan Bernobich <\/em>2013<\/p>\n<p><em>Karen Bailey <\/em>2014<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Interpreting the mens rea in statutory offences<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>He Kaw Teh <\/em>(1985) 157 CLR 523<\/p>\n<p><em>Sherras v de Rutzen <\/em>[1895] 1 QB 918<\/p>\n<p><em>Lim Chin Aik <\/em>[1963] AC 160<\/p>\n<p><em>Sault Ste Marie <\/em>(1978) 2 SCR 1299<\/p>\n<p><em>Proudman v Dayman <\/em>(1941) 67 CLR 536<\/p>\n<p><em>Sweet v Parsley <\/em>[1970] AC 132<\/p>\n<p><em>Wampfler <\/em>(1987) 11 NSWLR 541<\/p>\n<p><em>Hawthorn (Department of Health) v Morcam Pty Ltd <\/em>(1992) 29 NSWLR 120 Hunt CJ at CL<\/p>\n<p><em>CTM <\/em>[2008] HCA 25; 236 CLR 440<\/p>\n<p><em>Scott <\/em>(1996) 137 ALR 347<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><u>Offences Against the Person:<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>C<\/strong><strong>ommon law assault<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>D<\/em><em>arby v DPP (NSW)<\/em> (2004) 61 NSWLR 558 (NSWCCA) Giles JA<\/p>\n<p><em>Edwards v Police <\/em>(1998) 71 SASR 493 Debelle J<\/p>\n<p><em>K<\/em><em>night <\/em>(1988) 35 A Crim R 314 (NSWCCA) Lee J<\/p>\n<p><em>Barton v Armstrong <\/em>[1969] 2 NSWR 451<\/p>\n<p><em>Zanker v Vartzokis <\/em>(1988) 34 A Crim R 11 (SASC) White J<\/p>\n<p><em>Ir<\/em><em>eland v Burstow<\/em> [1998] AC 147 House of Lords<\/p>\n<p><em>Pemble v R <\/em>(1971) 124 CLR 107<\/p>\n<p><em>M<\/em><em>acPherson v Brown <\/em>(1975) 12 SASR 184 Bray CJ<\/p>\n<p><strong>C<\/strong><strong>ommon law battery<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>D<\/em><em>arby v DPP (NSW)<\/em> (2004) 61 NSWLR 558 (NSWCCA)<\/p>\n<p><em>K<\/em><em>night <\/em>(1988) 35 A Crim R 314 (NSWCCA) Lee J<\/p>\n<p><em>DPP <\/em><em>v JWH <\/em>(unreported, NSWSC, 17 October 1997)<\/p>\n<p><em>Fagan v Commissioner of Metropolitan Police <\/em>[1969] 1 QB 439 James J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Assault occasioning actual bodily harm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>D<\/em><em>onovan <\/em>[1934] 2 KB 498<\/p>\n<p><em>C<\/em><em>han-Fook <\/em>[1994] 2 All ER 552 English Court of Appeal<\/p>\n<p><em>Ir<\/em><em>eland v Burstow<\/em> [1998] AC 147 House of Lords<\/p>\n<p><em>Lardener <\/em>(unreported, NSWCCA, 10 September 1998)<\/p>\n<p><em>McIntyre <\/em>[2009] NSWCCA 305 Johnson J<\/p>\n<p><em>Zanker v Vartzokis <\/em>(1988) 34 A Crim R 11 (SASC) White J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Grievous bodily harm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Crimes Act 1900 <\/em>(NSW) s4<\/p>\n<p><em>DP<\/em><em>P v Smith <\/em>[1961] AC 290 Viscount Kilmuir<\/p>\n<p><em>H<\/em><em>aoui <\/em>[2008] NSWCCA 209 Beazley JA; Johnson J (McCallum J agreeing)<\/p>\n<p><em>King <\/em>[2003] NSWCCA<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wounding <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>S<\/em><em>hepherd <\/em>[2003] NSWCCA 351 Kirby J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reckless<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Crimes Act 1900 <\/em>(NSW) s4A<\/p>\n<p><em>M<\/em><em>acPherson v Brown <\/em>(1975) 12 SASR 184 Bray CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Edwards v Police <\/em>(1998) 71 SASR 493<\/p>\n<p><em>MacPherson v Beath <\/em>(1975) 12 SASR 174<\/p>\n<p><em>Blackwell <\/em>[2011] NSWCCA 93<\/p>\n<p><strong>Negligence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>D <\/em>[1984] 3 NSWLR 29<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Assault on police officer <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>R<\/em><em>eynhoudt <\/em>(1962) 107 CLR 381 Dixon CJ and Kitto J dissent; Menzies J (Taylor and Owen JJ agreeing)<\/p>\n<p><em>H<\/em><em>e Kaw Teh <\/em>(1985) 157 CLR 523 Brennan J<\/p>\n<p><em>Semaan v Poidevin <\/em>[2013] NSWSC 226 Rothman J NSWSC; [2013] NSWCA 334 Leeming JA (Ward and Emmett JJA agreeing)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intimidates <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>M<\/em><em>eller v Low <\/em>[2000] NSWSC 75<\/p>\n<p><em>M<\/em><em>anton <\/em>[2002] NSWCCA 316<\/p>\n<p><strong>Consent \u2013 to injury in sport<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Re Jewell <\/em>(1987) VAR 370 (Vic AAT)<\/p>\n<p><em>Billinghurst <\/em>[1978] Crim LR 553 UK<\/p>\n<p><em>Watherston v Woolven <\/em>(unreported, SASC, 21 October 1987)<\/p>\n<p><em>Stanley <\/em>(unreported, NSWCCA, 7 April 1995)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co-incidence between actus reus and mens rea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Fagan v Commissioner of Metropolitan Police <\/em>[1969] 1 QB 439 James J<\/p>\n<p><em><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Self-defence<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Katarzynski <\/em>[2000] NSWSC 613 Howie J<\/p>\n<p><em>Burgess; Saunders <\/em>[2005] NSWCCA 52 Adams J, Newman J, Hislop J<\/p>\n<p><em>R v PRFN <\/em>(unreported, NSWCCA 21 June 2000) Giles JA<\/p>\n<p><em>Colosimo v DDP (NSW) <\/em>[2006] NSWCCA 293 Hodgson JA<\/p>\n<p><em>Abbosh &amp; Bene <\/em>[2011] NSWCCA 265<\/p>\n<p><em>Crawford <\/em>[2008] NSWCCA 166<\/p>\n<p><strong>Excessive self-defence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Grant <\/em>[2014] NSWCCA<\/p>\n<p><em>Lane <\/em>[2013] NSWCCA 317<\/p>\n<p><em>Ryan and Coulter <\/em>[2013] NSWCCA 175<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Sexual Offences <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Consent<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Clarke <\/em>(unreported NSWCCA 17 April 1998)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Negating consent s61HA(4) \u2013 (5); (6)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Aitken <\/em>[2005] NSWCCA 328<\/p>\n<p><em>Flattery <\/em>(1877) 2 QBD 410<\/p>\n<p><em>Papadimitropoulos <\/em>(1957) 98 CLR 249<\/p>\n<p><em>Mobilio <\/em>[1991] VR 339<\/p>\n<p><em>Gillard <\/em>[2014] HCR 16; ALJR 606<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mens rea as to consent \u2013 s61HA (3), s61HA(5)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Hemsley <\/em>(1988) 36 A Crim R 334 NSWCCA<\/p>\n<p><em>Kitchener <\/em>(1993) 29 NSWLR 696 NSWCCA Kirby P<\/p>\n<p><em>Tolmie <\/em>(1995) 37 NSWLR 660 NSWCCA Kirby P<\/p>\n<p><em>Banditt <\/em>[2005] HCA 80; 224 CLR 262<\/p>\n<p><em>Gillard <\/em>[2014] HCR 16; ALJR 606 HC<\/p>\n<p><strong>Aggravated sexual assault<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Offensive weapon or instrument<\/strong> <em>RJS <\/em>(1993) 31 NSWLR 649<\/p>\n<p><strong>In company\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Crozier <\/em>(unreported, NSWCCA 8 March 1996)<\/p>\n<p><em>Button; Griffen <\/em>[2002] NSWCCA 159; 54 NSWLR 455<\/p>\n<p><strong>Under authority of alleged offender <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>KSC <\/em>[2012] NSWCCA 179<\/p>\n<p><em>DH <\/em>(1997) 4 Crim LN 725<\/p>\n<p><strong>Indecent assault actus reus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Meaning of \u2018indecent\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Fairclough v Whipp <\/em>(1951) 35 Cr App R 138<\/p>\n<p><em>DPP v Rogers <\/em>[1953] 2 All ER 644 at 645<\/p>\n<p><em>Harkin <\/em>(1989) 38 A Crim R 296 Lee J<\/p>\n<p><em>Court <\/em>(1988) 87 Cr App R 144 at 145 Lord Ackner<\/p>\n<p><em>Sorlie <\/em>(1925) 25 SR 532 at 535<\/p>\n<p><em>Johnson <\/em>[1968] SASR 132<\/p>\n<p><em>Fitzgerald v Kennard <\/em>(1995) 38 NSWLR 184 199<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mens rea for indecent assault<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Court <\/em>(1988) 87 Cr App R 144 at 145 Lord Ackner<\/p>\n<p><em>Fitzgerald v Kennard <\/em>(1995) 38 NSWLR 184 199<\/p>\n<p><strong>Act of Indecency<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Fairclough v Whipp <\/em>(1951) 35 Cr App R 138<\/p>\n<p><em>DPP v Rogers <\/em>[1953] 2 All ER 644 at 645<\/p>\n<p><em>Harkin <\/em>(1989) 38 A Crim R 296 Lee J<\/p>\n<p><em>Court <\/em>(1988) 87 Cr App R 144 at 145 Lord Ackner<\/p>\n<p><em>DPP v Eades <\/em>[2009] NSWSC 1352 James J<\/p>\n<p><em>Chonka <\/em>[2000] NSWCCA 466<\/p>\n<p><em>Barrass <\/em>[2005] NSWCCA 13<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Dishonest Acquisition<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Larceny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Statement of Principle <\/strong><em>Illich <\/em>(1987) 162 CLR 110<\/p>\n<p><strong>Something capable of being stolen<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Croton <\/em>(1967) 117 CLR 326<\/p>\n<p><em>Anic <\/em>(1993) 61 SASR 223<\/p>\n<p><strong>In possession of another<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Anic <\/em>(1993) 61 SASR 223<\/p>\n<p><em>Williams v Phillips <\/em>(1957) 41 Cr App R 5<\/p>\n<p><em>Hibbert v McKiernan <\/em>[1948] 2 KB 142<\/p>\n<p><strong>Taken and carried away &#8211; asportation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Wallis v Lane <\/em>[1964] VR 293 Herring CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Potisk <\/em>(1973) 6 SASR 389<\/p>\n<p><strong>Without consent of possessor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Middleton <\/em>(1873) LR 2 CCR 38<\/p>\n<p><em>Kennison v Daire <\/em>(1986) 60 ALRJ 249<\/p>\n<p><em>Kolosque v Miyazaki <\/em>(unreported, NSWSC 17 February 1995) Dowd J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intent to permanently deprive<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Foster <\/em>(1967) 118 CLR 117<\/p>\n<p><em>Lowe v Hooker <\/em>[1987] Tas R<\/p>\n<p><em>Sharp v McCormick <\/em>[1986] VR 869<\/p>\n<p><em>Beecham <\/em>(1851) 5 Cox CC 181<\/p>\n<p><em>Lloyd <\/em>[1985] 1 QB 829<\/p>\n<p><em>Weatherstone <\/em>(1987) 8 Petty Sessions Review 3729 (NSWCCA) Street CJ, Findlay J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fraudulently or dishonestly<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Weatherstone <\/em>(1987) 8 Petty Sessions Review 3729 (NSWCCA) Street CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Peters <\/em>(1998) 192 CLR 493 Toohey and Gaudron JJ<\/p>\n<p><em>MacLeod <\/em>[2003] HCA 24; 214 CLR 230<\/p>\n<p><em>Baartman <\/em>[1998] NSWSC 643<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Without a claim of right made in good faith<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Walden v Hensler <\/em>(1987) 163 CLR 561<\/p>\n<p><em>Fuge <\/em>(2001) 123 A Crim R 310 NSW CCA Wood CJ at CL<\/p>\n<p><em>Goodsell v Yunupingu <\/em>[1999] ALJR 19<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fraud<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Actus reus of deception<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>M <\/em>[1980] 2 NSWLR 195<\/p>\n<p><em>Bryan <\/em>(1857) Dears B 265<\/p>\n<p><em>Patmoy <\/em>(1944) 62 WN (NSW) 1<\/p>\n<p><em>Barnard <\/em>(1837) 7 C&amp;P 784<\/p>\n<p><em>DPP v Ray <\/em>[1974] AC 370<\/p>\n<p><em>Silverman <\/em>(1988) 86 Cr App 213<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mens rea for deception<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Stokes and Difford <\/em>(1990) 51 A Crim R 25<\/p>\n<p><strong>Obtaining a financial advantage<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Vasic <\/em>[2005] VSCA 38 Nettle JA<\/p>\n<p><em>Walsh <\/em>(1990) 52 A Crim R 80<\/p>\n<p><em>Murphy<\/em> [1987] Tas R 178 Nettlefold J<\/p>\n<p><em>Coelho v Durbin <\/em>(unreported, NSWSC 29 March 1993 BC9304122) Badgery-Parker J<\/p>\n<p><strong>Causing a financial disadvantage<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Matthews v Fountain <\/em>[1982] VR 1045<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mens rea for obtaining financial advantage or causing a financial disadvantage<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>He Kaw Teh <\/em>(1985) 157 CLR 523<\/p>\n<p><em>Murphy<\/em> [1987] Tas R 178<\/p>\n<p><strong>Causation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Ho and Szeto <\/em>(1989) 39 A Crim R 145 NSWCCA<\/p>\n<p><em>Clemesha <\/em>[1978] WAR 193<\/p>\n<p><strong>Claim of right<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Love <\/em>(1989) 17 NSWLR 608<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Unlawful Homicide<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Actus reus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Protecting the foetus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>St George\u2019s Healthcare NHS Trust v S <\/em>[1998] 3 All ER 673<\/p>\n<p><strong>Child born alive<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>F <\/em>(1993) 40 NSWLR 245<\/p>\n<p><em>Whelan <\/em>[2012] NSWCCA 147<\/p>\n<p><em>Iby <\/em>(2005) 63 NSWLR 278<\/p>\n<p><strong>Death<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Human Tissue Act 1983 <\/em>s33<\/p>\n<p><strong>Omission<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Instan <\/em>[1893] 1 QB 450<\/p>\n<p><em>Russell\u00a0 <\/em>[1933] VLR 59<\/p>\n<p><em>Stone v Dobinson <\/em>[1977] 1 QB 354 Geoffrey Lane LJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Taktak <\/em>(1988) 14 NSWLR 226 NSWSC Yeldham J; Carruthers<\/p>\n<p><em>People v Beardsley <\/em>113 NW 1128 (1907)<\/p>\n<p><em>Jones v United States of America <\/em>(1962) 308 F 2d 307<\/p>\n<p><em>R v Nicholls <\/em>(1874) 13 Cox CC 75<\/p>\n<p><em>Burns <\/em>[2012] HCA 25; 246 CLR 334<\/p>\n<p><em>Sood (Ruling No 3) <\/em>[NSW] NSWSC 762 Simpson J<\/p>\n<p><em>Sam <\/em>[2011] NSWCCA 36 McCellan CJ at CL for the court<\/p>\n<p><em>Wacker <\/em>[2002] EWCA Crim 1944 Eng CA<\/p>\n<p><em>Taber <\/em>(2002) 56 NSWLR 443<\/p>\n<p><em>BW &amp;SW (No 1) <\/em>[2009] NSWSC 529; <em>(No 3) <\/em>[2009] NSWSC 1043<\/p>\n<p><strong>Causation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Smith <\/em>[1959] 2 QB 35 Lord Parker CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Royall <\/em>(1991) 172 CLR 378 Mason CJ; Deane and Dawson JJ; Brennan J; McHugh J; Gaudron and Toohey JJ<\/p>\n<p><em>R v Grimes and Lee <\/em>(1894) 15 NSWR(L) 209<\/p>\n<p><em>Campbell v The Queen <\/em>[1981] WAR 286 Burt CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Hallett <\/em>[1969] SASR 141 SASC in Banco<\/p>\n<p><em>Blaue <\/em>[1975] 3 All ER 446 Eng CA, Crim Div Lawton LJ<\/p>\n<p><em>R v Jordan <\/em>(1956) 40 Cr App R 152<\/p>\n<p><em>Burns <\/em>[2012] HCA 25; 246 CLR 334<\/p>\n<p><em>Justins <\/em>[2010] NSWCCA 242<\/p>\n<p><em>McAuliffe and McAuliffe <\/em>(1993) 70 A Crim R 303<\/p>\n<p><em>Rik <\/em>[2004] NSWCCA 282<\/p>\n<p><em>Pagett <\/em>(1983) 76 Cr App R 279<\/p>\n<p><em>Malcherek v Steel <\/em>[1981] 2 All ER 422 Eng CA<\/p>\n<p><em>Cheshire <\/em>[1991] 3 All ER 670<\/p>\n<p><em>Dyson <\/em>[1908] 2 KB 454<\/p>\n<p><em>Adams <\/em>(1957)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Murder mens rea intent and reckless indifference to human life<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Crabbe <\/em>(1985) 156 CLR 464<\/p>\n<p><em>Royall <\/em>(1991) 172 CLR 378<\/p>\n<p><strong>Constructive Murder<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Ryan <\/em>(1967) 121 CLR 205 Barwick CJ, Menzies J, Windeyer J<\/p>\n<p><em>Munro <\/em>(1981) 4 A Crim R 67 NSWCCA Street CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Foster <\/em>(1995) 78 A Crim R 517<\/p>\n<p><em>Hudd <\/em>[2013] NSWCCA 57<\/p>\n<p><strong>Manslaughter by unlawful and dangerous act<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Unlawful act<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>R v Franklin <\/em>(1883) 15 Cox CC 163<\/p>\n<p><em>Cornelissen <\/em>[2004] NSWCCA<\/p>\n<p><em>Downs <\/em>(1985) 18 A Crim R 75<\/p>\n<p><em>Lamb <\/em>[1967] 2 QB 981<\/p>\n<p><em>Pullman <\/em>(1991) 58 A Crim R 222<\/p>\n<p><em>Cramp <\/em>[1999] NSWCCA 324<\/p>\n<p><em>Lowe <\/em>[1973] 1 QB 702<\/p>\n<p><em>Burns <\/em>[2012] HCA 25; 246 CLR 334<\/p>\n<p><em>Cato <\/em>[1976] 1 WLR 110<\/p>\n<p><em>Kennedy (No 2) <\/em>[2007] UKHL 38; [2008] 1 CA 269<\/p>\n<p><em>Wilhelm <\/em>[2010] NSWSC<\/p>\n<p><em>Riley <\/em>[2011] NSWCCA 238<\/p>\n<p><em>Quoc Cao <\/em>NSWDC<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dangerous<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Wilson <\/em>(1992) 174 CLR 313<\/p>\n<p><strong>Characteristics of the reasonable person<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Wills <\/em>[1983] 2 VR 20 Lush J, Fullagar J<\/p>\n<p><em>Cornelissen <\/em>[2004] NSWCCA<\/p>\n<p><em>DPP v Ty <\/em>[2006] VSC<\/p>\n<p><strong>Manslaughter by criminal negligence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Nydam <\/em>[1977] VR 430 VSC FC<\/p>\n<p><em>Lavender <\/em>[2005] HCA 37 Gleeson CJ, McHugh, Gummow, Hayne JJ; Kirby J; Heydon and Callinan JJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Sood (Ruling No 3) <\/em>[NSW] NSWSC 762 Simpson J<\/p>\n<p><em>Cittadini <\/em>[2009] NSWCCA 302<\/p>\n<p><em>Patel <\/em>[2012] HCA 29; 247 CLR 531<\/p>\n<p><em>Sam <\/em>[2011] NSWCCA 36 McCellan CJ at CL for the court<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Defence of Mental illness (insanity)<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Mental Health (Forensic Provisions) Act 1990<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>s37 Explanation to jury<\/p>\n<p>s38 Special verdict<\/p>\n<p>s39 Effect of finding and declaration of mental illness<\/p>\n<p><strong>Availability in Local Courts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>McMahon <\/em>[2006] NSWDC 81<\/p>\n<p><strong>Definition and elements<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>M\u2019Naghten\u2019s Case <\/em>[1843-1860] HL Tindal CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Porter <\/em>(1933) 55 CLR 182 Dixon J<\/p>\n<p><em>Da-Pra <\/em>[2014] NSWCCA 211 Emmett JA<\/p>\n<p><em>Cheatham <\/em>[2000] NSWCCA 282<\/p>\n<p><em>Bratty v Attorney-General for Northern Ireland <\/em>[1963] AC 386<\/p>\n<p><em>Falconer <\/em>(1990) 171 CLR 30<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Automatism<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Falconer <\/em>(1990) 171 CLR 30<\/p>\n<p><em>Donyadideh <\/em>(unreported FCA 2 August 1995)<\/p>\n<p><em>Stone <\/em>[1999] 2 SCR 290<\/p>\n<p><em>Singh <\/em>(2003) 86 SASR 473<\/p>\n<p><em>Quick and Paddison <\/em>[1973] 1 QB 910<\/p>\n<p><em>Hennessy <\/em>[1989] 2 All ER 9<\/p>\n<p><em>Sullivan <\/em>(1983) 77 Cr App R 176<\/p>\n<p><em>Burgess <\/em>[1991] 2 WLR 1206<\/p>\n<p><em>Parks <\/em>(1992) 95 DLR (4<sup>th<\/sup>) 27<\/p>\n<p><em>Wogandt <\/em>(1983) 33 A Crim R 31 QCCA<\/p>\n<p><em>Hawkins <\/em>(1994) 179 CLR 500<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Substantial impariment<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Byrne <\/em>[1960] 2 QB 396 Lord Parker CJ<\/p>\n<p><em>Potts <\/em>[2012] NSWCCA 229<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n<p><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>END OF EXAM PAPER<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Questions 1 \u2013 4 fact scenario Bashar was selected for the Australian cricket team five years ago. He played as a bowler in the team for four years. A year ago he had surgery on his shoulder, and took six <a href=\"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/criminal-law-7\/\" class=\"read-more\">Read More &#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-430231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-essay-paper-writing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=430231"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430231\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=430231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=430231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=430231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}