Explain the difference between causation and correlation? What is a spurious
\nrelationship? Consider the following examples to consider. For each, assume that a
\nresearcher has found covariation between two variables, X and Y. Can you think of a
\nthird variable, Z, that might make the relationship between X and Y spurious? Share
\nyour alternative explanations.
\nExample 1: The more firefighters (X) that go to a house fire, the greater the property
\ndamage that results (Y).
\nExample 2: Teens who listen to music with sexual lyrics (X) become sexually active at
\na younger age (Y) than teens who listen to other types of music.
\nExample 3: The more money spent by an incumbent member of Congress\u2019s
\ncampaign (X), the lower their percentage of the vote (Y).
\nMake up your own example of a spurious political relationship.
\nPage 2:
\nWhy are experimental designs generally better for making causal inference than
\nnon-experimental designs? Why do political science research questions so often
\nhave to rely on non-experimental designs?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Explain the difference between causation and correlation? What is a spurious relationship? Consider the following examples to consider. For each, assume that a researcher has found covariation between two variables, X and Y. Can you think of a third variable, Read More …<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-425507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425507","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=425507"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425507\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=425507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=425507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=425507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}