1) Decision opportunities arise when problems or opportunities are recognized through critical thinking. Which of the following components may be a reason that managers ignore problems?\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 A lack of intellectual empathy makes it difficult to recognize stakeholder considerations.\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 The manager’s sense of urgency toward problems precludes action.\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 The manager prefers risk over certainty.\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Some businesses exist in a problem free environment.\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 The manager is exercising intellectual courage in the face of resistance to problem solving.\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t2) Bill Simmons is the manager of a small restaurant and must decide how much money he owes his suppliers. The best way for Bill to approach this as a critical thinker is to\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 collect and analyze the evidence\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 identify opportunities and obstacles\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 understand different perspectives on the issue\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 weigh the consequences of this decision\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t3) Decision tools and techniques influence the use of critical thinking in decision making. According to the decision steps model, what is a proper response when an unstructured problem is presented?\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Implement a decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Measure the impact of a decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Frame the problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Frame alternatives\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 Make the decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t4) When faced with a decision opportunity, a critical thinker must sort through a variety of readily apparent symptoms in order to focus on important considerations that may be hidden. Based on the decision steps model, when framing a problem a helpful step is to\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 determine root causes\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 identify the problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 frame alternatives\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 develop a contingency plan\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 measure the decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t5) Jane has a term paper due, a sick child who needs her attention, and a major project due at work. To save time, she decides to submit a paper for school that is less than her best, but will earn a passing grade. The best description of Jane’s approach is\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 optimizing\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 satisficing\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 creativity\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 analyzing\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t6) Despite all the measures followed, successful decisions are not always guaranteed so it is important to\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 develop appropriate measurements for the impacts of decisions\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 accept that some decisions will not work and move on to other issues\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 develop contingency plans\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 only allow the most senior leaders to influence decisions\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 use logical thinking to guarantee a correct outcome\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t7) Tactics for increasing the diversity of opinion brought to bear on a decision include\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 brainstorming\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 following the chain of command\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 reliance on precedent\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 an autocratic decision process\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 reference to the policy manual\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t8) Critical thought involves the consideration of diverse perspectives. Advantages of this include\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 quicker decisions for urgent problems\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 decisions that are more narrowly focused\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 the leader maintains tighter control over decisions\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 a decision that accounts for the interests of multiple stakeholders\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 greater security over confidential information\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t9) Critical thought involves the consideration of diverse perspectives. Disadvantages of group decision making include\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 increased security of confidential information\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 all of the above are disadvantages of group decision making\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 a process that is more time consuming\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 a decision that accounts for the interests of diverse stakeholders\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 a more autocratic environment\u00a0\t\t10) Considerations when framing a problem include\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 developing contingency plans\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 measuring the impacts of a decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 identifying causes of the problem\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 framing alternative courses of action\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 identification of stakeholders affected by the problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t11) Conflict is a force of influence upon decision making, and may hamper decision implementation if not accounted for in the problem formulation and identification process. Conflict may stem from such factors as\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 personal attributes\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 a lack of a devil’s advocate\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 groupthink\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 inspirational leadership\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 routine programmed decisions\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t12) During problem formulation, the decision maker must account for the interests of diverse stakeholders. An important step toward this outcome is the establishment of\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 timelines and resource allocations\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 contingency plans\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 criteria, goals, and objectives\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 measurements for the decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 decision Implementation Processes\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t13) A valid deductive argument may lead to false conclusions if\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 it contains a false premise\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 a valid deductive argument cannot lead to false conclusions\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 it is in improper form\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 it uses the modens ponens argument form\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 it is composed of multiple syllogisms\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader would\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 communicate only that information which supports the desired decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 acknowledges the difficulty that his or her position creates for the audience\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 avoid all affective appeals\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 emphasize data and reason over affective appeals\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 emphasizes affective appeals over data and reason\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t15) What is the most comprehensive definition of a problem?\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Gap between current situation and some future desired state\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 A declining economy resulting in reduced revenues\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 A negative situation that requires action to mitigate damage\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 An increase in the cost of doing business.\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 A positive situation that requires action in order to fully leverage an opportunity.\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t16) Problems may become apparent to stakeholders through the use of tools which compare actual results to expected results. An example of such a tool is a\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Financial report\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Fishbone diagram\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Pareto chart\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Force Field Analysis\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 SWOT analysis\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t17) An important step toward framing a problem in a manner that is sensitive to relevant stakeholder perspectives is to\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 filter non-financial input from the process\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 use projection when ascribing motivation to others\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 determine who is affected by a problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 be sure to remain situated in one’s personal context\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 do not allow public relations concerns to influence decision making\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t18) While this decision style offers an opportunity for stakeholder input, it most lessens accountability for decision making.\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Collaborative\/participative\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Consensus\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Autocratic\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Leader decides\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 Democratic\u00a0\t\t19) Jan is the owner of a retail store, and is evaluating the need for changes to the store’s commission structure for sales personnel. She has decided to exclude the sales personnel affected from the decision making process. Jan is probably seeking to minimize this force of influence on the decision making process.\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Resource availability\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Lack of political support\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Self serving bias\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Ethical considerations\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 Resistance from external stakeholders\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t20) Identifying programmed decision opportunities”\ufffdproblems with objectively correct answers, solvable through the use of simple rules, policies, or numerical computations”\ufffdpromises this benefit in terms of decision making.\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Greater efficiency\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Provides senior managers with greater visibility to each routine decision made\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Provides decision makers with opportunities for creative problem solving\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Ensures that multiple solutions are applied to common problems in order to find the best one\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 Ensures that problems are dealt with in a unique fashion according to their differences\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t21) A manager may properly choose to ignore a problem\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 when a Pareto chart has properly clarified the causes of a problem\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 when the costs of doing nothing are less than the cost of addressing the problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 when a SWOT analysis indicates an environmental opportunity\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 because of a bias against change\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 when the problem is surfaced through a positive trigger point\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t22) Managers of Shadow Blinds are contemplating whether to open the company’s first international branch in Europe or Asia. A decision tool that would facilitate the decision between these two locations by analyzing the relative strength of cross cultural factors is a\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 SPC chart\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Force Field Analysis\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Scatter diagram\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Gantt chart\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 Pareto chart\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t23) A decision tool that can be helpful in identifying risks to contemplated decisions is\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 a Fishbone diagram\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 a Pareto chart\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 a periodic table\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 a histogram\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 a Force Field Analysis\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t24) For urgent decisions, this approach may be the most efficient and effective use of the manager’s time when there are other critical competing priorities.\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 Creation of a task force\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 Satisficing\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 Brainstorming and multi-voting with a team\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 Optimizing\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 Experimenting\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t25) In the course of developing a SWOT analysis, Bob determines that a large competitor is moving into one of his company’s key service areas. Bob has uncovered\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 a strength\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 a positive trigger point\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 an opportunity\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 a threat\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 a weakness\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t26) The manager of the Gallery Restaurant noted that the restaurant had experienced a decrease in the number of evening customers. The manager promptly ordered the chef to rewrite the evening menu. Customer feedback later indicated that the problem had not been the menu but poor service from the wait staff. The manager’s decision to have the menu revised suggests that she failed to\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 evaluate the decision and its consequences\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 identify the problem\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 properly diagnose the cause of the problem\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 evaluate the alternatives and consequences\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t27) The initial step in framing the problem is to ______, and the first step in making the decision is to ______.\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 identify the problem, frame alternatives\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 identify the problem, identify causes of the problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 identify the cause of the problem, implement the decision\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 evaluate the decision, determine who is affected\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 select an alternative, identify the problem\u00a0\u00a0\t\t\t\t28) In response to declining profits, a company decides that it needs to become world class, but is having difficulty developing an implementation plan around the goal of “\ufffdbecoming world class.”\ufffd Rather than implement this decision, the company would be well advised to return to the ______ step of decision making.\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 evaluate the decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 make the decision\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.\u00a0\u00a0 determine measurements\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D.\u00a0\u00a0 frame alternatives\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u00a0\u00a0 develop criteria, goals, and objectives\u00a0\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\t\t29) Jan has been selected to implement her company’s decision to expand her company’s manufacturing operation into a new location. Six months into this project, the building has been completed, and machinery installed. However, Jan has been unable to secure enough applicants with the technical skills needed to operate this computerized facility. Jan’s implementation plan was most deficient in its consideration of\u00a0\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 organizational standards\u00a0\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B.\u00a0\u00a0 resource availability\u00a0&<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1) Decision opportunities arise when problems or opportunities are recognized through critical thinking. Which of the following components may be a reason that managers ignore problems?\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.\u00a0\u00a0 A lack of intellectual empathy makes it difficult to recognize stakeholder considerations. Read More …<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-227589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/227589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=227589"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/227589\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=227589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=227589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benedictsol.com\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=227589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}